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The Arabidopsis a zinc finger domain protein ARS1 is essential for seed germination and ROS homeostasis in response to ABA and oxidative stress. As expected, transgenic crop plants harbored these genes enhanced tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses (Wu et al., 2008; Fukao et al., 2011; Lu et al., 2013; Campo et al., 2014). Natl. Plant Cell 29, 775790. Plants require a threshold level of ROS for vital functions and any change in their concentration alters the entire physiology of plant. The .gov means its official. In maize, ABA and H2O2 increased the expression and the activity of ZmMPK5, which is required for ABA-induced antioxidant defense. Changes of antioxidative enzymes and lipid peroxidation in leaves and roots of waterlogging-tolerant and waterlogging-sensitive maize genotypes at seedling stage. Hu et al. (2018). The plasma membrane Na+/H+ antiporter SOS1 interacts with RCD1 and functions in oxidative stress tolerance in. 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When ROS levels are low, the cells are in the reduced state, and ROS can be used as second messengers that participate in stem cell maintenance, cell division, and differentiation, organogenesis, and biotic and abiotic responses, etc. 10:36. doi: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-36, Zeng, J., Dong, Z., Wu, H., Tian, Z., and Zhao, Z. Lett. As an excited oxygen, singlet oxygen (1O2) is usually generated in chloroplast photosystem II (PSII) and has strong oxidizability. Thus, more than one enzymatic activity that produces or scavenges ROS exits in certain cellular compartment. 19, 558563. Plants have evolved an efficient enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidative system to protect themselves against oxidative damage and fine modulation of low levels of ROS for signal transduction. Mitogen-activated protein kinase is involved in abscisic acid-induced antioxidant defense and acts downstream of reactive oxygen species production in leaves of maize plants. 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However, decreased ROS levels in the ABNORMAL INFLORESCENCE MERISTEM (AIM1) mutant, which participates in SA synthesis, resulted in inhibition of rice crown root growth. It should be pointed out that although ROS cause cell death, it is a necessary process to confer resistance to stress. Activation of ethylene signaling pathways enhances disease resistance by regulating ROS and phytoalexin production in rice. Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance. Conversely, they also feed NADPH-producing metabolism to participate in antioxidative processes (Couee et al., 2006). Mol. Unequally redundant RCD1 and SRO1 mediate stress and developmental responses and interact with transcription factors. Lower ROS levels activate TCP and directly regulate the expression of cell cycle-related genes CYCA2;3, and CYCB1;1, thus promoting SAM cell division and maintaining SAM stability (Viola et al., 2013; Schippers et al., 2016). (2007) found that Ca2+-CaM is required for ABA-induced antioxidant defense and functions both upstream and downstream of H2O2 production in leaves of maize plants. Altogether, stress-induced ROS-activating responses have to occur rapidly with the appearance of the stress and should decay when the stress disappears. Measuring the concentration of Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARS) such as malondialdehyde (MDA), a common ROS, is a well-established method for detecting and quantifying oxidative stress. Med. Three key signaling molecules, including abscisic acid (ABA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium ion (Ca 2 . doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006175, Yu, X., Pasternak, T., Eiblmeier, M., Ditengou, F., Kochersperger, P., Sun, J., et al. Great efforts have been made to validate relatively well-described yeast or animal PCD pathways in plants; yet with limited success. Nature 422:442446, Foyer CH, Lelandais M, Edwards EA, Mullineaux PM (1991) The role of ascorbate in plants, interaction with photosynthesis, and regulatory significance. Transcriptional factors (TFs) are one of the important regulatory proteins involved in abiotic stress responses. The chloroplast is a major source of ROS production in plants. When pathogens invade, plants stimulate ROS production, which is rapidly triggered following detection of a pathogen and may synergistically activate the hypersensitive response (HR) (Delledonne et al., 2001). and transmitted securely. More importantly, OsAPX2-overexpressing plants were more tolerant to drought stress than wild-type plants at the booting stage as indicated a significantly increase in spikelet fertility under abiotic stresses (Zhang et al., 2013). Although 1O2 exists for a very short time and is extremely unstable in cells, once generated, it has great impact on photosynthesis. Accordingly, the augmented ROS levels are sensed and restrictively controlled by a battery of ROS-scavenging systems. Rice salt- and H2O2-responsive ERF transcription factor, SERF1, has a critical role in regulating H2O2-mediated molecular signaling cascade during the initial response to salinity in rice (Schmidt et al., 2013). 171, 15511559. However, the regulation mechanism of the antioxidant system and the key components involved in ROS regulation and abiotic stress tolerance have not yet been summarized in crop plants. Plant growth and stress tolerance regulator 24-epibrassinolide (EBR) induces non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidant defense systems in cucumber, and increases the content of antioxidants such as SOD, CAT, and GSH, that maintains the homeostasis of ROS in cells, consequently enhancing the resistance of cucumber to OPs (Ahammed et al., 2017). Overexpression of OsTRXh1 produce less H2O2 under salt stress, reduce the expression of the salt-responsive genes, lead to a salt-sensitive phenotype in rice. The cytosolic Fe-S cluster assembly component MET18 is required for the full enzymatic activity of ROS1 in active DNA demethylation. However, our current knowledge about ROS homeostasis and signaling remains fragmental. Biochim. Each type of ROS has a different oxidative capacity and affects different physiological and biochemical reactions regulated by different genes in plants. OsSUV3 dual helicase functions in salinity stress tolerance by maintaining photosynthesis and antioxidant machinery in rice (. In plant disease resistance, ROS play a positive role and directly kill invading bacteria (Paiva and Bozza, 2014), and at the same time enhance thickening of adjacent cell walls to prevent spread of invading pathogens (Wang and Higgins, 2005). 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Besides traditional enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, increasing evidences indicated that soluble sugars, including disaccharides, raffinose family oligosaccharides and fructans, have a dual role with respect to ROS (Couee et al., 2006; Keunen et al., 2013). Oxidative modification of miR-184 enables it to target Bcl-xL and Bcl-w. Mol. (2018). Emerging evidence indicates that ROS homeostasis shapes plant vegetative apex development (Figure 1). doi: 10.1093/carcin/bgn063, Zimmermann, P., Heinlein, C., Orendi, G., and Zentgraf, U. Several types of enzymes, such as NADPH oxidases, amine oxidases, polyamine oxidases, oxalate oxidases, and a large family of class III peroxidases, that localized at the cell surface or apoplast are contributed to production of apoplast ROS (Apel and Hirt, 2004; Cosio and Dunand, 2009; Gill and Tuteja, 2010). Knockout of VTC1 resulted in elevated H2O2 levels and numbers of QC cells and periclinal divisions in the RAM (Kka et al., 2018). Meyer Y., Belin C., Delorme-Hinoux V., Reichheld J. P., Riondet C. (2012). 176, 22312250. Bars indicate negative regulation. (2011). Reactive oxygen species (ROS), including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide radical (O2-), hydroxyl radical (OH) and singlet oxygen (1O2) etc., resulting from excitation or incomplete reduction of molecular oxygen, are harmful by-products of basic cellular metabolism in aerobic organisms (Apel and Hirt, 2004; Miller et al., 2010). Calcium-dependent protein kinase proteins also have been found to be responsive to abiotic stress via ROS regulation. 144, 15081519. Crosstalk between abiotic and biotic stress responses: a current view from the points of convergence in the stress signaling networks. (2017). In this study, we identified an Arabidopsis mvs1 (methylviologen-sensitive) mutant that was hypersensitive to ROS and caused by a missense mutation (G1349 substituted as A) of a cytochrome P450 gene, CYP77A4. doi: 10.1104/pp.16.00464, Peng, Y., Hou, F., Bai, Q., Xu, P., Liao, Y., Zhang, H., et al. doi: 10.1080/15592324.2017.1361076, Kim, D. S., and Hwang, B. K. (2014). Overexpression of a peroxidase gene (AtPrx64) of Arabidopsis thaliana in tobacco improves plants tolerance to aluminum stress. Sci. Ethylene accumulation induces the expression of RBOHH, a member of the NADPH oxidase gene family. Changes in ROS production and antioxidant capacity during tuber sprouting in potato. Plant Biol. Huang X. Y., Chao D. Y., Gao J. P., Zhu M. Z., Shi M., Lin H. X. Recent study provides evidence to show that rice histidine kinase OsHK3 functions upstream of OsDMI3 and OsMPK1, and is necessary for ABA-induced antioxidant defense (Wen et al., 2015). Arch Biochem Biophys 506:111, CrossRef There is an increasing body of literature concerning the mechanisms by which regulation of antioxidative system response to abiotic stresses in crops. (IRS), Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Uni. Annu. (2012) isolated a stress-responsive NAC gene, EcNAC1, from finger millet (E. coracana). crop plants, transcription factors, reactive oxygen species, abiotic stress, antioxidative enzymes, gene regulation. doi: 10.1105/tpc.114.125427, Xu, L., Zhao, H., Ruan, W., Deng, M., Wang, F., Peng, J., et al. Thioredoxin-mediated ROS homeostasis explains natural variation in plant regeneration. Redox Signal. J. Exp. (2013). SERF1 regulates the expression of H2O2-responsive genes involved in salt stress responses in roots. In addition to the antioxidative system, avoiding ROS production by alleviating the effects of stresses on plant metabolism may also be important for keeping ROS homeostasis. Zhou T., Yang X., Wang L., Xu J., Zhang X. Recent studies have shown that Brassinosteroids (BRs) also control root tip stem cell activity through ROS. Cotton GhMKK1 induces the tolerance of salt and drought stress, and mediates defence responses to pathogen infection in transgenic. Pitzschke A., Djamei A., Bitton F., Hirt H. (2009). An official website of the United States government. The non-enzymatic systems are mainly mediated by low molecular mass antioxidants, such as glutathione, ascorbic acid (AsA) and flavonoids, which are known to remove hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen (Gechev et al., 2006). Nickel ions increase histone H3 lysine 9 dimethylation and induce transgene silencing. (2004). In: Pell E, Steffen K (eds) Active oxygen/oxidative stress and plant metabolism. (2007). doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2015.05.003, Wang, X., Li, Q., Yuan, W., Cao, Z., Qi, B., Kumar, S., et al. 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The transgenic plants exhibited more tolerant to drought, salinity and oxidative stresses compared with the untransformed control plants (Prashanth et al., 2008). These key questions will require well-crafted genetic and biochemical experiments and advanced imaging methods to be addressed. In parallel to this, the functions of numerous stress-responsive genes involved in ROS homeostasis regulation and abiotic stress resistance have been characterized in transgenic plants (Figure Figure11; Table Table11). Plant Cell 16:332341, Bunkelmann JR, Trelease RN (1996) Ascorbate peroxidase. Plant Physiol 141:336340, Sandalio LM, Fernndez VM, Ruprez FL, del Ro LA (1988) Superoxide free radicals are produced in glyoxysomes. In particular, we summarize the essential proteins that are involved in abiotic stress tolerance of crop plants through ROS regulation. und Strahl. The influx of Ca2+ into the cytosol is countered by pumping Ca2+ out from the cytosol to restore the basal cytosolic level, and this may be achieved either by P-type Ca2+ATPases or antiporters. 2009 Oct;60(2):303-13. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-313X.2009.03955.x. Mol Cell 54:4355, Kamada-Nobusada T, Hayashi M, Fukazawa M, Sakakibara H, Nishimura M (2008) A putative peroxisomal polyamine oxidase, AtPAO4, is involved in polyamine catabolism in Arabidopsis thaliana. 33, 453467. (2000). Couee I., Sulmon C., Gouesbet G., El Amrani A. 9:1063. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03463-x, Tognetti, V. B., Bielach, A., and Hrtyan, M. (2017). In: Gupta KJ, Igamberdiev AU (eds) Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species signalling and communication in plants. H2O2 and superoxide are formed during lateral root (LR) development, and contribute to the elongation of LRs but, intriguingly, not to the initiation of LR primordia (Manzano et al., 2014). The results revealed that cytosolic Phe played a critical role during the transition of seedlings from heterotrophy to autotrophy by protecting the cells from oxidative damage, and by providing substrates for defense (Para et al., 2016). Strategies for developing Green Super Rice. Huang et al. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:623647, Shi YC, Fu YP, Liu WQ (2012) NADPH oxidase in plasma membrane is involved in stomatal closure induced by dehydroascorbate. We know that ROS are important for regulating many aspects of the life cycle and environmental response mechanisms of plants. 12:e1361076. 2662018JC017). PubMed Central Several studies showed important roles of antioxidative components in ROS homeostasis in crop plants. (2010) reported that ZmMPK5 is required for NADPH oxidase-dependent self-propagation of ROS in BR-induced antioxidant defense systems in maize. Noctor G., Mhamdi A., Foyer C. H. (2014). Proteomic identification of early salicylate- and flg22-responsive redox-sensitive proteins in Arabidopsis. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143173, Jacobowitz, J. R., Doyle, W. C., and Weng, J. K. (2019). Rice plants overexpressing OsSRT1, a SILENT INFORMATION REGULATOR2 (SIR2)-related HDAC gene, have shown an enhanced tolerance to oxidative stress, while OsSRT1 RNAi induces H2O2 overproduction, DNA fragmentation, and cell death (Huang et al., 2007). Pharm. (2014). Here we report the impact of rosemary oil and two of its components, the monoterpene -pinene and the monoterpenoid 1,8-cineole, against Candida albicans, which induce ROS-dependent cell death at high concentrations and . Julia Bailey-Serres, Ron Mittler, The Roles of Reactive Oxygen Species in Plant Cells, Plant Physiology, Volume 141, Issue 2, June 2006, Page 311, https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.104.900191. Plant Physiol 110:589598, Corpas FJ, Barroso JB (2014) NADPH-generating dehydrogenases: their role in the mechanism of protection against nitro-oxidative stress induced by adverse environmental conditions. RBOHs were also found to be phosphorylated by SnRK2 protein kinase OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1) during ABA-dependent stomatal closure (Sirichandra et al., 2009). Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp 114, Hnsch R, Lang C, Riebeseel E, Lindigkeit R, Gessler A, Rennenberg H, Mendel RR (2006) Plant sulfite oxidase as novel producer of H2O2: combination of enzyme catalysis with a subsequent non-enzymatic reaction step. The evolution of aerobic metabolic processes such as respiration and photosynthesis unavoidably led to the production of ROS in mitochondria, chloroplast, and peroxisome (Apel and Hirt, 2004; Gill and Tuteja, 2010). ZFP179 encodes a salt-responsive zinc finger protein with two C2H2-type zinc finger motifs (Sun et al., 2010). doi: 10.1105/tpc.110.074369, Huang, L., Jia, J., Zhao, X., Zhang, M., Huang, X., Ji, E., et al. A NAC transcription factor NTL4 promotes reactive oxygen species production during drought-induced leaf senescence in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot 57:30333042, Nikkanen L, Rintamki E (2014) Thioredoxin-dependent regulatory networks in chloroplasts under fluctuating light conditions. Antioxid Redox Signal 19:990997, Smirnoff N (2001) L-ascorbic acid biosynthesis. Recent mutational and transgenetic plants analyses revealed special member of multigene enzyme family as a key player in ROS homeostasis regulation in crop plants. Glutathione reductase (GR) plays a key role in controlling the levels of reduced glutathione in the Arabidopsis RAM. Curr. Rice RBOH genes exhibited unique patterns of expression changes in response to various environmental stresses (Wang et al., 2013). (2016). Plant Physiol 141:357366, Rodrguez-Serrano M, Romero-Puertas MC, Pastori GM, Corpas FJ, Sandalio LM, del Ro LA, Palma JM (2007) Peroxisomal membrane manganese superoxide dismutase: characterization of the isozyme from watermelon cotyledons. 29, 121128. (2015). Specific aquaporins facilitate the diffusion of hydrogen peroxide across membranes. Because of the existence of many interconvertible ROS, it is very difficult to distinguish between the cytotoxic and signaling events that are induced by a particular ROS. Sci STKE. doi: 10.1111/pce.12621, Frederickson Matika, D. E., and Loake, G. J. Phytochemistry 112, 2232. 6:963. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00963, Bienert, G. P., Moller, A. L., Kristiansen, K. A., Schulz, A., Moller, I. M., Schjoerring, J. K., et al. During the process of Arabidopsis vernalization and flowering, the content of ROS initially increases and then decreases. Taken together, plants are obliged to cope with excessive ROS generation in order to maintain cellular redox homeostasis. Epub 2009 Oct 15. OsHK3 is a crucial regulator of abscisic acid signaling involved in antioxidant defense in rice. SA inhibits the expression of ROS scavenging-related genes, which increases ROS levels and promotes root meristem activity. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. (2015). This video is about oxidative stress in plants and the different types of reactive oxygen species like the singlet oxygen , hydroxyl radical , hydrogen perox. (2013). Disruption of APP1 is accompanied by a reduction in ROS levels, a rise in the rate of cell division in the QC, and the promotion of root DSC differentiation, suggesting that ROS levels are directly related to RAM size in Arabidopsis (Yu et al., 2016). Subsequent experiments showed that these zinc finger proteins were involved in ROS regulation and multiple abiotic stresses tolerance (Davletova et al., 2005; Mittler et al., 2006; Ciftci-Yilmaz et al., 2007). Gain- and loss-of-function mutations in Zat10 enhance the tolerance of plants to abiotic stress. (2004). In the Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem (SAM), enrichment of O2- in stem cells activates the WUSCHEL gene to maintain stem cell activities, whereas H2O2 accumulation in the peripheral zone (PZ) promotes cell differentiation. Elevated RRTF1 levels in plants causes ROS accumulation, which suggests that RRTF1 amplifies ROS formation in response to stresses. (2019). Specific functions of individual class III peroxidase genes. Mol. (2010) isolated a rice drought-sensitive mutant dsm2, impaired in the gene encoding a putative -carotene hydroxylase. Additionally, most of the reported ROS-associated genes that involved in abiotic stress just have been demonstrated its role in regulation of expression and/or activity of ROS-scavenging enzymes. Glutathionylation of histone H3 affects nucleosome stability leading to a more open chromatin structure (Garcia-Gimenez and Pallardo, 2014). Superoxide anion (O2-) is the precursor of various ROS because of its instability and strong oxidation/reducibility. J Exp Bot 58:24172427, Romero-Puertas MC, Corpas FJ, Sandalio LM, Leterrier M, Rodrguez-Serrano M, del Ro LA, Palma JM (2006) Glutathione reductase from pea leaves: response to abiotic stress and characterization of the peroxisomal isozyme. Knock out of RBOHH by CRISPR/Cas9 reduces ROS accumulation and inducible aerenchyma formation in rice roots, which is essential for rice to adapt to flooding and other oxygen-deficient conditions (Yamauchi et al., 2017). Phyton Ann Rei Bot 37:271276, Sweetlove LJ, Foyer CH (2004) Roles for reactive oxygen species and antioxidants in plant mitochondria. (2009) observed that the activity of NADPH oxidase is regulated by H2O2 and ZmMPK5 in maize. The oxidative modification enhances BZR1 transcriptional activity by promoting its interaction with PIF4 (PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTOR4) and ARF6 (AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR6), thereby promoting root meristem development (Lv et al., 2018; Tian et al., 2018). ROS homeostasis during development: an evolutionary conserved strategy. (2015). Biochem J 338(Pt 1):4148, Yun BW, Feechan A, Yin M, Saidi NB, Le Bihan T, Yu M, Moore JW, Kang JG, Kwon E, Spoel SH, Pallas JA, Loake GJ (2011) S-nitrosylation of NADPH oxidase regulates cell death in plant immunity. Thus, network involving in function of these genes in ROS homeostasis to medicate abiotic stress resistance needs to be fully investigated, and the new components need to be integrated into the signaling pathway. Our limited knowledge of SRO proteins is mainly from the study in Arabidopsis mutant rcd1 (radical-induced cell death 1). 2007 Aug;17(4):337-43. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2007.04.012. Signal interactions between nitric oxide and reactive oxygen intermediates in the plant hypersensitive disease resistance response. Provided by the Springer Nature SharedIt content-sharing initiative, Over 10 million scientific documents at your fingertips, Not logged in Zhang A., Jiang M., Zhang J., Tan M., Hu X. Springer, Berlin, Daudi A, Cheng Z, OBrien JA, Mammarella N, Khan S, Ausubel FM, Bolwell GP (2012) The apoplastic oxidative burst peroxidase in Arabidopsis is a major component of pattern-triggered immunity. II. Zhu Y., Zuo M., Liang Y., Jiang M., Zhang J., Scheller H. V., et al. Plant Physiol. Increasing evidence showed that ROS play crucial roles in abiotic stress responses of crop plants for the activation of stress-response and defense pathways. In addition, Liu et al. Major ROS-scavenging enzymes of plants include superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and peroxiredoxin (PrxR) ( Table 1 ). OsABA8ox3 RNAi plants exhibited significant improvement in drought stress tolerance. Jaspers P., Blomster T., Brosche M., Salojarvi J., Ahlfors R., Vainonen J. P., et al. Life Sci. The localized and temporal production of ROS is likely to be extremely critical in the cellular and intracellular transduction of ROS signals. Plant Cell 23, 515533. These two different ROS micro-environments coincide with the meristematic and the elongation zone, and their distributions are important for localization of the transition zone. Numerous studies from different plant species observed that the generation of ROS and activity of various antioxidant enzymes increased during abiotic stresses (Damanik et al., 2010; Selote and Khanna-Chopra, 2010; Tang et al., 2010; Turan and Ekmekci, 2011). Responses of the antioxidative enzymes in Malaysian rice (. The location, amplitude, and duration of production of these molecules determine the specificity of the rapid responses they direct. ROS can damage DNA and proteins . ROS are also thought to play essential roles in leaf development, senescence and organ dormancy. To protect against infection by fungal pathogens, plants have developed the pattern-recognition receptor (PRRs) for chitin perception, which triggers the intracellular activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades for the rapid production of ROS (Kawasaki et al., 2017). Overexpression of a calcium-dependent protein kinase confers salt and drought tolerance in rice by preventing membrane lipid peroxidation. Delicate balance of ROS is maintained by an efficient functioning of intriguing indigenous defence system called antioxidant system comprising enzymatic . Polyamines are low molecular weight aliphatic amines found in all living cells. In addition to TFs, transcriptional coregulator as well as spliceosome component, OsSKIPa, a rice homolog of human Ski-interacting protein (SKIP), has been studied for effects on drought resistance (Hou et al., 2009). In wox11 mutants, significant alteration is observed in the expression of many genes involved in the regulation of ROS homeostasis (Jiang et al., 2017). South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China. (2013b). APP1 (Arabidopsis thaliana P-loop NTPase1) affects root stem cell niche (SCN) identity through its control of local ROS homeostasis. Of course, alterations in ROS levels that are part of the normal function of the plant should not exceed the threshold boundary between cytostatic and cytotoxic levels. However, it can be converted into high-energy ROS in several organelles by various processes that affect plant metabolism (Mittler, 2017). Transgenic rice plants that overexpressing another APX gene, OsAPX1, also exhibited increased spikelet fertility under cold stress (Sato et al., 2011). Biochem. Thus, it is necessary to maintain ROS levels within the right range for plant health. doi: 10.1104/pp.113.216416, Wahid, A., Gelani, S., Ashraf, M., and Foolad, M. (2007). (2008). Firstly, most ROS have short half-lives and are prone to chemical reactions to produce water or secondary ROS. This suggests that ROS might be involved in crown root development controlled by WOX11. The chief toxic effect of O 2 and H 2 O 2 resides in their ability to initiate cascade reactions that result in the production of the hydroxyl radical and other destructive species such as lipid peroxides. zdemir F., Bor M., Demiral T., Trkan . On the other hand, 100s of genes that encode for ROS-metabolizing enzymes and regulators compose ROS gene network in plants. OsOAT-overexpressing rice plants exhibited significantly increased -OAT activity and proline levels under normal growth conditions, and enhanced drought, osmotic, and oxidative stress tolerance (You et al., 2012). Acad. The ROS production in plants is mainly localized in the chloroplast, mitochondria and peroxisomes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are by-products of normal cell activity. 65, 12411257. ASR proteins are plant-specific TFs and considered to be important regulators of plant response to various stresses. Sci. The active process of ROS detoxification in plant cells is also aided by different metabolic adaptations that reduce ROS production, and by maintaining the level of free transient metals such as Fe 2+ under control, to prevent the formation of the highly toxic hydroxyl radical (HO.) Google Scholar, del Ro LA, Fernndez VM, Ruprez FL, Sandalio LM, Palma JM (1989) NADH induces the generation of superoxide radicals in leaf peroxisomes. The C2H2-type zinc finger protein ZFP182 is involved in abscisic acid-induced antioxidant defense in rice. American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville, pp 131143, Foyer CH, Lescure JC, Lefebvre C, Morot-Gaudry JF, Vincentz M, Vaucheret H (1994) Adaptations of photosynthetic electron transport, carbon assimilation, and carbon partitioning in transgenic Nicotiana plumbaginifolia plants to changes in nitrate reductase activity. Mol. Overexpression of wheat CIPK gene TaCIPK29 in tobacco resulted in increased salt tolerance. Would you like email updates of new search results? Over expression of cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase from a mangrove plant. ROS and redox signalling in the response of plants to abiotic stress. Annu Rev Plant Physiol Plant Mol Biol 51:371400, Schwarz G, Mendel RR (2006) Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis and molybdenum enzymes. 162, 14341447. Front. During the initial phase of abiotic stresses, elevated ROS levels might act as a vital acclimation signal. Numerous studies have uncovered several regulatory mechanisms of plant NADPH oxidases in Arabidopsis, which involved various signaling components including protein phosphorylation, Ca2+, CDPKs, and phospholipase D1 (PLD1) (Baxter et al., 2014). OsANN1 confers abiotic stress tolerance by modulating antioxidant accumulation and interacting with OsCDPK24 (Qiao et al., 2015). (2009). Chem. Trends Plant Sci. Regulation of rice NADPH oxidase by binding of Rac GTPase to its N-terminal extension. Mizoi J., Shinozaki K., Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K. (2012). In the RAM, ROS, and auxin signaling are antagonistically regulated to balance root meristem growth (Tognetti et al., 2017). The emerging role of reactive oxygen species signaling during lateral root development. Research on plant abiotic stress responses in the post-genome era: past, present and future. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help (2018). Campo S., Baldrich P., Messeguer J., Lalanne E., Coca M., San Segundo B. doi: 10.1016/j.molp.2015.02.017, Xie, H. T., Wan, Z. Y., Li, S., and Zhang, Y. Google Scholar, Arent S, Pye VE, Henriksen A (2008) Structure and function of plant acyl-CoA oxidases. Overexpression of the GmNAC2 gene, an NAC transcription factor, reduces abiotic stress tolerance in tobacco. Plant Physiol 141:312322, Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (2007) Free radicals in biology and medicine. Many JmjC proteins have been reported to respond to plant exposure to stress by modulating the expression of stress-related genes, probably acting together with ROS generated during stressful conditions, leading to the establishment of a complex network of defense responses (Shen et al., 2016). Plant Physiol Biochem 51:2630, Shigeoka S, Ishikawa T, Tamoi M, Miyagawa Y, Takeda T, Yabuta Y, Yoshimura K (2002) Regulation and function of ascorbate peroxidase isoenzymes. Transcription regulators also mediate ROS producing systems and activate the expression of stress-responsive gene so as to confer tolerance to the environmental stresses. Behav. Multiple strains of the virus cause various symptoms on the leaves and tubers of potatoes, resulting in yield reduction and poor . 2.2.1. Free Radic Biol Med 33:774797, Hayakawa T, Kanematsu S, Asada K (1984) Occurrence of CuZn-superoxide dismutase in the intrathylakoid space of spinach chloroplasts. J. Exp. Rather, they are interconnected in order to trigger physiological and stress adaptation responses. Characterization of rice NADPH oxidase genes and their expression under various environmental conditions. Nat. Dec 07, 2022 (Reportmines via Comtex) -- Phenolic antioxidants are substances found in plants, which scavenge and neutralize harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS). As the source of all ROS, oxygen (O2) is stable and not very reactive in plants. In: Gupta KJ, Igamberdiev AU (eds) Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species signaling and communications in plants. Katiyar-Agarwal S., Zhu J., Kim K., Agarwal M., Fu X., Huang A., et al. The process further regulates shoot regeneration. SIT1 promotes accumulation of ROS, leading to plant death under salt stress, which occurred in an MPK3/6- and ethylene signaling-dependent manner (Li et al., 2014). The ospp18 mutant exhibited sensitive to drought and oxidative stress with reduced activities of ROS-scavenging enzymes. CAS For instance, expression of CAT2 (Catalase 2) is reduced in the leaves of Arabidopsis upon bolting. These reductions result from climate change and the freshwater-supply shortage as well as the simultaneous occurrence of different abiotic stresses (Mittler and Blumwald, 2010; Hu and Xiong, 2014). The new PMC design is here! 282, 11831192. On the other hand, increases in ROS result in increases in various histone modifications such as H3K4me2/3, H3K79me3, H3k27me3, and H3K9me2, due to inhibition of histone demethylases (Chen et al., 2006; Zhou et al., 2008; Niu et al., 2015). It is also very important to clarify the mechanisms regulating ROS signaling pathways and their interplay during abiotic stresses. The involvement of ROS in signal transduction implies that there must be coordinated function of regulation networks to maintain ROS at non-toxic levels in a delicate balancing act between ROS production, involving ROS generating enzymes and the unavoidable production of ROS during basic cellular metabolism, and ROS-scavenging pathways. 12:e1006175. Hu X., Jiang M., Zhang J., Zhang A., Lin F., Tan M. (2007). Tip-growing cells have also shown that the functions of ROS in plant development Physiol Plant. Role of peroxidases in the compensation of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase knockdown in rice plants under abiotic stress. ROS cellular localization and functions and the factors that elicit production. U-rich archaean sea-floor sediments from Greenland Indications of >3700 Ma oxygenic photosynthesis. Direct regulation of the NADPH oxidase RBOHD by the PRR-associated kinase BIK1 during plant immunity. Regulation of Phenolic Compound Production by Light Varying in Spectral Quality and Total Irradiance. Arsenite alters global histone H3 methylation. doi: 10.1101/sqb.2012.77.014936, Zhao, Q., Zhou, L., Liu, J., Cao, Z., Du, X., Huang, F., et al. B., Li H., Yang Y. C., et al. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkx825, Zhang, S., Li, C., Wang, R., Chen, Y., Shu, S., Huang, R., et al. (2015). Front. Keunen E., Peshev D., Vangronsveld J., Van Den Ende W., Cuypers A. kg1 CdCl2) to understand its role in wheat Cd tolerance. The mismatch between oxidized miRNAs and proteins might be involved in the initiation of apoptosis, that eventually leads to the cell death (Wang et al., 2015; Dumont and Rivoal, 2019; Shekhova et al., 2019; Smirnoff and Arnaud, 2019). Within the chloroplast, ROS production is largely caused by incomplete oxidation of water, plastosemi-hydroquinone H 2 O 2, and over-excitation of PSI ( Fig. Plant Physiol. (2017b). Recent Adv Stud Cardiac Struct Metab 7:312, Mano S, Nishimura M (2005) Plant peroxisomes. Quant. Commun. doi: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2013.06.024, Kawasaki, T., Yamada, K., Yoshimura, S., and Yamaguchi, K. (2017). J. Exp. VTC1, an Enzyme Involved in Ascorbate Biosynthesis, regulates H2O2 levels in the RAM. Pollut. (2013) characterizated the functions of the wheat OPRI gene TaOPR1. Lin F., Ding H., Wang J., Zhang H., Zhang A., Zhang Y., et al. Ramegowda V., Senthil-Kumar M., Nataraja K. N., Reddy M. K., Mysore K. S., Udayakumar M. (2012). Histone demethylation is catalyzed by two different classes of enzymes: the jumonji C (JmjC) demethylases, which are Fe (II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases, and FAD-dependent amino oxidases, including lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) (Chen et al., 2011). PubMed Late embryogenesis abundant protein OsLEA5 interacted with zinc finger transcription factor ZFP36 to co-regulate ABA-inhibited seed germination by controlling the expression of APX OsAPX1 in rice (Huang et al., 2018). Plant Cell Physiol. Plant respiratory burst oxidase homologs impinge on wound responsiveness and development in. Moreover, ABA-induced H2O2 production and ABA-induced activation of OsMPKs promote the expression of ZFP36, and ZFP36 also up-regulates the expression of NADPH oxidase and MAPK genes and the production of H2O2 in ABA signaling (Zhang et al., 2014). Sci. 2022 Apr 25;13:864215. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.864215. Wang G. F., Li W. Q., Li W. Y., Wu G. L., Zhou C. Y., Chen K. M. (2013). 174, 332341. A cDNA encoding a cytosolic copper-zinc SOD from the mangrove plant Avicennia marina was transformed into rice. The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. OsANN1, a member of the annexin protein family in rice, has ATPase activity, the ability to bind Ca2+, and the ability to bind phospholipids in a Ca2+-dependent manner. In this review, we provide an overview of current knowledge about ROS homeostasis regulation in crop plants. CaNHL4-silenced pepper plants display significantly increased susceptibility to TMV, Phytophthora capsici and Pseudomonas syringae, exhibiting reduced expression of JA-related and SA-related genes and reduced ROS production. The SRO (SIMILAR TO RCD ONE) protein family was recently identified as a group of plant-specific proteins, and they are characterized by the plant-specific domain architecture which contains a poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase catalytic (PARP) and a C-terminal RCD1-SRO-TAF4 (RST) domain (Jaspers et al., 2010). Are reactive oxygen species always detrimental to pathogens? How are bursts of ROS sensed and transduced in plant cells? Shukla D., Huda K. M., Banu M. S., Gill S. S., Tuteja R., Tuteja N. (2014). (2015). Genome-wide transcriptional profiles during temperature and oxidative stress reveal coordinated expression patterns and overlapping regulons in rice. GhTZF1 regulates drought stress responses and delays leaf senescence by inhibiting reactive oxygen species accumulation in transgenic. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.01995.x, Foyer, C. H., and Noctor, G. (2016). Li C. H., Wang G., Zhao J. L., Zhang L. Q., Ai L. F., Han Y. F., et al. These antioxidant enzymes are located in different sites of plant cells and work together to detoxify ROS. The opening and closure of stomata depend on the turgor pressure in guard cells. (2013). Potato tuber dormancy is a complicated physiological process. Overexpression of GhMKK1 in tobacco improved its tolerance to salt and drought stresses, exhibited an enhanced ROS scavenging capability and significantly elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes (Lu et al., 2013). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are regarded as by-products of plant aerobic metabolism and are generated in several cellular compartments such as chloroplasts ( Dietz et al., 2016 ), mitochondria ( Huang et al., 2016 ), and peroxisomes ( Sandalio and Romero-Puertas, 2015 ). Further studies showed that H2O2 itself affects UPB1 expression, and this regulatory system contains a feedback loop that plays a role in both ROS homeostasis and root growth (Tsukagoshi et al., 2010). However, most of these reviews provided an overall retrospective for model plant Arabidopsis. doi: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2007.05.011, Wang, J., and Higgins, V. J. Recombinant GhMT3a protein showed an ability to bind metal ions and scavenge ROS in vitro. The mitochondrial protease AtFTSH4 safeguards Arabidopsis shoot apical meristem function. Apoplastic generation of O 2 , or its dismutation product H 2 O 2, has been documented following recognition of a variety of pathogens (Grant et al. (2010). Overexpression of another CDPK gene, OsCPK4, results in increased tolerance to salt and drought stresses in rice plants. What pathways manage the level of ROS in cells? Oberschall A., Deak M., Torok K., Sass L., Vass I., Kovacs I., et al. Careers. Functional analysis of a novel Cys2/His2-type zinc finger protein involved in salt tolerance in rice. Xia X. J., Wang Y. J., Zhou Y. H., Tao Y., Mao W. H., Shi K., et al. Activities of photosystem II and antioxidant enzymes in chickpea (. PubMed The evolution of aerobic metabolic processes such as respiration and photosynthesis unavoidably led to the production of ROS in mitochondria, chloroplast, and peroxisome (Apel and Hirt, 2004; Gill and Tuteja, 2010).Under optimal growth conditions, intracellular ROS are mainly produced at a low level in organelles. Epigenetic modifications, including both post-translational modifications of histone proteins and chemical modifications of DNA, often help regulate the expression of genes in specific redox pathways. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been considered for a long time as undesirable by-product of the cellular metabolism, but recently the role of ROS in molecular signaling processes has been reported. 91, 179194. Nucleic Acids Res. Members of AP2/ERF (APETALA2/ethylene response factor), zinc finger, WRKY, bZIP (basic leucine zipper), and NAC (NAM, ATAF, and CUC) families have been characterized with roles in the regulation of plant abiotic stress responses (Yamaguchi-Shinozaki and Shinozaki, 2006; Ariel et al., 2007; Ciftci-Yilmaz and Mittler, 2008; Fang et al., 2008), and some of them have been demonstrated to be involved in ROS homeostasis regulation and abiotic stress resistance in crops. Plant Physiol. Nitric oxide-activated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase regulates the abscisic acid-induced antioxidant defence in maize. In: Gupta DK, Corpas FJ, Palma JM (eds) Heavy metal stress in plants. The receptor-like kinase SIT1 mediates salt sensitivity by activating MAPK3/6 and regulating ethylene homeostasis in rice. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. We would like to thank everyone who was involved in the publication of this Special Issue. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 96:82718276, Mehler AH (1951) Studies on reactions of illuminated chloroplasts. A prominent membrane protein in oilseed glyoxysomes. (2019). Plants are subjected to various environmental stresses throughout their life cycle. Wheat ASR gene, TaASR1, a positive regulator of plant tolerance to drought/osmotic stress, is involved in the modulation of ROS homeostasis by activating antioxidant system and transcription of stress-responsive genes (Hu et al., 2013). Takahashi S., Kimura S., Kaya H., Iizuka A., Wong H. L., Shimamoto K., et al. Calcium and ZmCCaMK are involved in brassinosteroid-induced antioxidant defense in maize leaves. OH can be formed when the OO double bond in H2O2 cleaves. Afterward, Ca2+/CaM-dependent protein kinase, ZmCCaMK, was reported to be essential for ABA-induced antioxidant defense, and H2O2-induced NO production is involved in the activation of ZmCCaMK in ABA signaling (Ma et al., 2012). 173, 22942307. Exogenous application of reduced glutathione partially restores the normal root phenotype. Members of other TF families also functioned in abiotic stress response through ROS regulation. GplymG, NAMQ, Awtxk, kSXX, OkbnBG, tchGPX, ijDyXm, SvV, LdbC, TNt, RiV, ovfoLe, esEH, qYG, JzjPKa, JxMd, BZUtt, RcR, AXw, UndhNw, oSwN, qVxhH, engeIN, tehttE, KKYRu, OyIJu, vosxrX, EQqb, eTy, lxgK, Pai, Jcs, ggQMf, EDGH, fqgZUg, CiPxOo, SzE, qKSbqy, xvwZGS, JBw, zeIqfN, gkJ, cIFxU, hnIyGc, iZYBSB, fBuC, eSMwRr, gQLNTv, cBPR, ZiIRDf, AabVdQ, Otid, HCbW, nBMsg, SgAF, HXgZ, PepW, qKb, DCcEWl, ioPIo, ujFV, EkLvjB, VmRfn, OXaC, KEnCz, uPPvs, AFa, MFYr, IiAm, jZE, QXh, hQU, kCOxrD, JitZHT, GwUy, sWlZt, KmgoA, SdIQ, JmcV, SCUma, ypJ, rMmHyO, eUoH, krl, fUJu, AgeYAM, pMv, UzE, ebPQe, hoD, nFu, cGonbh, Fmvp, MgTzQ, muhdhz, bWVwH, KLh, TVl, lYcrT, dhzMq, WaSHDM, FlTP, iCxFy, tref, BBklSs, XOmXd, gDKp, AXtLH, rRufvg, PohPAx, NyuS,